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DNA sequence that interrupts the protein-coding sequence of a gene; an intron is transcribed into RNA but is cut out of the message before it is translated into protein.
See also: exon.
Industry:Biology
A specialized chromosome region to which spindle fibers attach during cell division..
Industry:Biology
An enzyme used by retroviruses to form a complementary DNA sequence (cDNA) from their RNA. The resulting DNA is then inserted into the chromosome of the host cell..
Industry:Biology
An enzyme performing the same function as another enzyme but having a different set of amino acids. The two enzymes may function at different speeds..
Industry:Biology
An organism that contains cells or tissues with a different genotype. These can be mutated cells of the host organism or cells from a different organism or species..
Industry:Biology
A chemical found in the nucleus and cytoplasm of cells; it plays an important role in protein synthesis and other chemical activities of the cell. The structure of RNA is similar to that of DNA. There are several classes of RNA molecules, including messenger RNA, transfer RNA, ribosomal RNA, and other small RNAs, each serving a different purpose..
Industry:Biology
A photomicrograph of an individual's chromosomes arranged in a standard format showing the number, size, and shape of each chromosome type; used in low-resolution physical mapping to correlate gross chromosomal abnormalities with the characteristics of specific diseases..
Industry:Biology
An experimental targeted repair process in which a desirable sequence of DNA is combined with RNA to form a chimeraplast. These molecules bind selectively to the target DNA. Once bound, the chimeraplast activates a naturally occurring gene-correcting mechanism. Does not use viral or other conventional gene-delivery vectors.
See also: gene therapy, cloning vector.
Industry:Biology
