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The X or Y chromosome in human beings that determines the sex of an individual. Females have two X chromosomes in diploid cells; males have an X and a Y chromosome. The sex chromosomes comprise the 23rd chromosome pair in a karyotype.
See also: autosome.
Industry:Biology
Any cell in the body except gametes and their precursors.
See also: gamete.
Industry:Biology
The study of macromolecules important in biological inheritance..
Industry:Biology
The study of the physical appearance of chromosomes.
See also: karyotype.
Industry:Biology
The group or recognizable pattern of symptoms or abnormalities that indicate a particular trait or disease..
Industry:Biology
A type of sugar that is one component of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)..
Industry:Biology
A mutation in which a large segment of one chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome.
See also: mutation.
Industry:Biology
A method of separating large molecules (such as DNA fragments or proteins) from a mixture of similar molecules. An electric current is passed through a medium containing the mixture, and each kind of molecule travels through the medium at a different rate, depending on its electrical charge and size. Agarose and acrylamide gels are the media commonly used for electrophoresis of proteins and nucleic acids..
Industry:Biology
Possessing three copies of a particular chromosome instead of the normal two copies.
See also: cell, gene, gene expression, chromosome.
Industry:Biology
