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semaphore

A protected variable that restricts access to a shared resource. Semaphores are used to coordinate activities in which multiple processes compete for the same resources—for example, to share a common memory space or to share access to files. Mutexes and conditions are both types of semaphore. A semaphore is similar to a lock, except that a finite number of threads can be holding a semaphore at the same time. See also lock.

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